高二英语第二十一单元学习：Music

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Ⅰ. 词汇学习

familiar ，be familiar with ，cap， note， can ( n . ) ， hammer ，memory， tin ，marry ，get married ，single ，square， otherwise， perform， wedding， musical ，generation ，learn， by heart ，in praise of， hero ，nowadays， passerby ( 复数形式是： passers - by )，pattern， root ，thought ，gay ，ray ，part ( vt . ) ，soul ，iron，ironing ，board， whisper，jazz， folk， instrument， violin ，earn one\'s living ，drum ，carol ，flaming， fade

Ⅱ. 交际英语

1. I think at the beginning we\'d rather have …

2. I\'d prefer them not to…

3. I\'d rather have … to start .

4. I\'d rather not have …

5. Have you decided … ?

6. I\'ve decided to …

Ⅲ. 语法学习

- ing 形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法

1 . 动词的 ing 形式包括名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。如：

Our job is playing all kinds of music . ( 动名词 )

The music they are playing sounds so exciting . ( 现在分词 )

注：一般来讲，动名词 ( 短语 ) 作表语，主表可互换，即：Playing all kinds of music is our job .

现在分词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。

2 . - ing 形式做定语可以表示 1 ) 所修饰名词的用途。如：

a waiting room ( =a room for waiting ) 候车室

a walking stick ( =a stick for walking ) 手杖

a sleeping car ( =a car for sleeping ) 卧车

2 ) 所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式。 如：

a waiting man ( =a man who is waiting ) 正等待着的男人

a sleeping child ( =a child who is sleeping ) 正睡觉的孩子

a walking man ( =a man who is walking ) 正散步的男人

3 . 在 see , hear , feel , watch , notice 等感观动词后可以用 - ing 形式做宾语补足语。这时 - ing 形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且 - ing 形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如：

He saw a girl getting on the tractor . ( =He saw a girl and the girl was getting on the tractor . ) 他看见一个女孩在往拖拉机上爬。

Do you hear someone knocking at the door? 有人敲门你听见了吗?

【指点迷津】

Ask the students to use the information from the reading passage to describe what they have learnt about music .

Kinds of music

More details

Folk music

It has been passed down from one generation to another . At first it was never written down . People learned the songs from their families , relatives , neighbours and friends in the same village . These songs were about the country life , the seasons , animals and plants , and about love and sadness in people\'s lives .

African music

It plays an important part in people\'s lives , especially for work , and at festivals and weddings , when people dance all night long .

Indian music

It\'s not written down . There is a basic pattern of notes which the musician follows . But a lot of modern music is also written . India also produces films with music , and millions of records are sold every year .

Music in the Caribbean

The slaves who were brought from Africa developed their own kind of music . West Indians make musical instruments out of large oil cans . They hit different parts of the drum with hammers to produce different notes . This type of music has become very famous in Britain and is very good music to dance to .

Jazz

Jazz was born in the USA around 1890 . It came from work songs sung by black people and had its roots in Africa . Jazz started developing in the 1920s in the southern states , Soon it was played by white musicians , too , and reached other parts of the USA .

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元重点词汇点拨

1 . familiar 意为“世所周知，熟悉的;看惯的，听惯的，耳熟的”，其后通常跟介词 to 连用。例如：

a familiar face / voice 熟悉的脸 / 声音

His name is familiar to me , but I haven\'t met him .

These tales are familiar to Chinese children .

familiar 还可以表示“ ( 某人 ) 熟悉 ( 某事 ) 的，精通……的，通晓……的”，其后通常可以跟介词 with 连用。

例如：

He is more familiar with modern jazz than I .

I am not familiar with the names of plants .

通过以上例句我们可以看出：

①事物当主语时，作“为人所熟悉”解，与 to 连用;但人当主语时，作“熟悉某事物”解时，则与 with 连用。又如：

Alpine plants are familiar to him . ( =He is familiar with alpine plants . )

②人当主语而与 with 连用时，with 之后若接事物的话就是“熟悉”之意，若接人的话就变成了“亲密”之意，但这个“亲密”往往很容易变成“亲昵、放肆”。

2 . marry 用作动词，意为“结婚;嫁，娶，与……结婚”，其名词形式为 marriage , 形容词形式为 married。例如：He married a classmate from high school .

Kate married a Frenchman last year .

He married his daughter to a doctor .

Mr Smith married Miss Kate five years ago .

另外，短语 be married ( to ) 意为“与……结婚，嫁给”;get marred ( to ) 意为“与……结婚，嫁给……”;marry sb . to 意为“把……嫁给……”。例如：

The old couple have already been married for fifty years .

She has got married to a man from her hometown .

They married their youngest daughter to a man with a lot of money .

3 . perform 用作动词，意为“执行，完成，做;演出，表演”。例如：

They computer performs these calculations with surprising speed .

The surgeon was performed a dangerous operation .

The singer had never performed in Beijing before .

He will be performing on the flute tonight .

4 . praise 可用作及物动词，意为“赞扬，表扬”，例如：

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